23 Jun 2022 --- The fragrance industry is facing a critical juncture as the European (EU) Green Deal’s Chemical Strategy for Sustainability (CSS) requires substituting chemicals and reformulating products. This may pose an annual €2 billion (US$2.1 billion) industry loss, flags the association. A study was conducted by Ricardo Energy & Environment, on behalf of The International Fragrance Association (IFRA). The research focuses on the proposals made by the European Union’s Chemical Strategy for Sustainability (CSS).These proposals include an extension of the General Approach to Risk Management (GRA) which does not take into account the narrow range of substances fragrances have to achieve their function.